Future Prospects of Point Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Fluorescence Imaging and Fluorescence Endoscopy in Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) for Cancer Cells

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been developing rapidly within various medical specialties since the 1980s. It matured as a feasible medical technology in the 1980s thought the world. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) includes two steps of process. The first step is administration of a photosensitizer (PS) and the second step is activation by light lamination at an appropriate wave length to reactive the chemicals, causing them to emit free radicals and destroy the targeted abnormal cells. Also, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been used for palliation and curative treatment. It used in treatment of esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and barrett. Although Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a safe and efficient method, it still has not become a first line procedure. It should not be used in acute porphyria, poor kidney and liver function, pregnancy and breast feeding. Iatrogenic porphyria that may cause cutaneous erythema, edema or blistering is one of the major complications [1-16].